ArticleAuthors: Norbert Francis (2023)
In the study of literary language, we often look back to examples from history and look cross-culturally to verbal art forms in literature and in the surviving oral tradition. These observations encompass genres, revealing great diversity, that reach back many centuries. We undertake this kind of study because its lessons must be relevant to understanding literary creation today. Even though art forms have changed over the years, their fundamental underpinnings have probably been preserved. One such instance, not yet sufficiently appreciated, comes from East Asia in the interaction between Chinese culture and the cultures of its neighbours, ongoing from ancient times to the present. 
