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Authors: Nalinee JoyTaveesinPhD; William J. Brown (2006) - Thailand’s political landscape has changed dramatically during the past five years. The rapid growth of communication technology in Thailand has been instrumental in generating political participation in the national elections of 2001 and 2005. In this article we provide the results of a benchmark study that assesses the early period of this political transformation. Specifically, we examined the use of television and of the Internet for political information by interviewing 500 urban residents. Our results indicate that likely voters actively gathered political knowledge from television advertisements and political party websites. Although use of television and the Internet for political purposes did not increase direct involvement in political parties, it did promote participation...
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Authors: Francis L. F. Lee (2006) - Opinion polling has become a common feature in news and public discourse in Hong Kong. This study examines how local newspapers cover popularity polls about the government and its leaders. It is hypothesized that newspapers adhering to different journalistic paradigms would cover such popularity polls differently in terms of the inclusion of methodological information, use of news sources, emphasis on negative versus positive results, treatment of polls conducted by different entities, and use of visual means of representations. A content analysis was conducted on four newspapers which represent the professionalism, populism, and propaganda paradigms, respectively. The results show that there are both similarities and differences in the poll coverage of the newspapers, with the diff...
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Authors: Baohua Zhou (2006) - This paper employed quantitative methods to explore the trends of audience research in Mainland China by analyzing research articles in three major journalism and communication academic journals. The author analyzed research approaches, research methods, medium of focus and theoretical frameworks in these audience research articles from 1985 to 2002. Unlike findings derived from the analyses of mass communication research articles in major international journals, most of the research articles in Mainland China used qualitative methods. Chinese scholars tend to adopt behaviorist and structural approaches towards the study of audience. The number of research articles that dealt with broadcast and print media exceeded any other media, while more and more studies on Internet users are b...
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Authors: Thomas Hanitzsch (2006) - Given the persistent variation in the ways journalism works across cultural boundaries, researchers are often quick to speak of ‘journalistic’ or ‘ professional cultures’ without conceptual clarity. Consequently, ‘journalism culture’ has become an increasingly vague concept, inviting misunderstanding and theoretical ambiguity. This paper, therefore, introduces a taxonomy of journalism cultures, consisting of the territorial, essentialist, value-centered, milieu-specific, organizational and professional journalism cultures.
Empirical evidence is provided for three of these cultures, drawing on data from a survey of 385 professional journalists in Indonesia. The results suggest that if culture has some kind of severe impact on journalism, it is not likely to appear on the level of th...
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Authors: Clay Calvert (2006) - -
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Authors: Corinne L. Shefner-Rogers; Manisha Sengupta; Suruchi Sood (2006) - India has had a sharp increase in the estimated number of HIV infections, from a few thousand cases in the early 1990s to about 5.1 million people living with HIV/AIDS today. With a population of over one billion, the HIV epidemic in India will have a major impact on the overall spread of HIV in Asia and the Pacific, and worldwide. This article discusses the impact of a mass media entertainment-education campaign on HIV/AIDS in three low-HIV-prevalence north Indian states, New Delhi, Rajasthan, and Uttar Pradesh. We used three waves of data from an evaluation study to measure the effects of a mass media, entertainment-education campaign designed to improve knowledge about and prompt interpersonal communication on HIV/AIDS. Results showed that individuals who were exposed to the camp...
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Authors: Hye-ryeonLeePhD; Amy S. Ebesu Hubbard; Cailin Kulp O'Riordan; Min-Sun Kim (2006) - The validity of the theory of planned behavior is quite well established in the literature.
Thus, the goals of this study were to apply the theory of planned behavior to college student smokers and to test the addition of self-construals to the theory of planned behavior (specifically in predicting perceived behavioral control and subjective norms). Current college-aged smokers were surveyed on the key predictive components of the theory of planned behavior and their self-construals. In support of the theory of planned behavior, perceived behavioral control and subjective norms were significantly related to intention to quit smoking. However, attitude toward quitting smoking failed to significantly predict intention to quit smoking. A good fit was found for a modified theory of pla...
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Authors: Min Wu (2006) - This paper compares the news coverage of HIV/AIDS in China by the Xinhua News Agency of China and the Associated Press of the United States in 2004. By examining the frames embedded in the two news discourses, the study aims at uncovering how the social reality of HIV/AIDS in China is constructed by the two leading news organizations.
Findings suggest that an overarching anti-government frame was evident in AP’s report whereas Xinhua’s coverage has articulated a pro-government frame. Three major frames, i.e. the dishonesty/oppression frame, the human rights abuser frame, and the incompetence frame, have combined to support the anti-government frame in AP’s report. Xinhua’s pro-government frame is also supported by three distinct frames, i.e. the defense frame, the progress frame, a...
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Authors: Wai Hsien Cheah (2006) - This study was an effort to examine the impact of involvement with the topic on the effects of health risk messages. It employed a 2 (low vs. high level of involvement with the topic)^/2 (physical vs. social appeal)^/2 (within-subject pretest vs. posttest)^/4 (four countries) mixed repeated-measures design. Of the 911 college students who participated in the pretest, a total of 700 students completed the experiment and posttest. Regardless of message condition, country, and time, high involvement participants reported greater perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived response efficacy, intention to use condoms, condom interpersonal impact, knowledge about gonorrhea, fear arousal, and perceived content learning scores, but lower message reactance and defensive avoidance...
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Authors: Rattima Mukda-anan; Kyoko Kusakabe; Rosechongporn Komolsevin (2006) - Thai women who want to participate in politics find that one of the obstacles they face is the representation created by mass media, especially vernacular newspapers. The objective of this study is to demonstrate the conflict in the representation of a woman politician in Thailand. The study focuses on news reports relating to Khunying Sudarat Keyuraphan, currently the Minister of Agriculture and Agriculture Cooperatives of Thailand. The news reports from the two largest-circulated local newspapers in Thailand were analyzed to highlight the representation created for Sudarat, and her response strategy. The analysis showed the representational dilemma Sudarat faced to which she creatively responded yet found herself on the losing side.
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